RED WINE EDA BY AMONAH ALI
Red wine dataset is being analysed to find the variable that has the most affecting on the wine quality
Univariate Plots Section
## [1] 1599 13## X fixed.acidity volatile.acidity citric.acid
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 4.60 Min. :0.1200 Min. :0.000
## 1st Qu.: 400.5 1st Qu.: 7.10 1st Qu.:0.3900 1st Qu.:0.090
## Median : 800.0 Median : 7.90 Median :0.5200 Median :0.260
## Mean : 800.0 Mean : 8.32 Mean :0.5278 Mean :0.271
## 3rd Qu.:1199.5 3rd Qu.: 9.20 3rd Qu.:0.6400 3rd Qu.:0.420
## Max. :1599.0 Max. :15.90 Max. :1.5800 Max. :1.000
## residual.sugar chlorides free.sulfur.dioxide
## Min. : 0.900 Min. :0.01200 Min. : 1.00
## 1st Qu.: 1.900 1st Qu.:0.07000 1st Qu.: 7.00
## Median : 2.200 Median :0.07900 Median :14.00
## Mean : 2.539 Mean :0.08747 Mean :15.87
## 3rd Qu.: 2.600 3rd Qu.:0.09000 3rd Qu.:21.00
## Max. :15.500 Max. :0.61100 Max. :72.00
## total.sulfur.dioxide density pH sulphates
## Min. : 6.00 Min. :0.9901 Min. :2.740 Min. :0.3300
## 1st Qu.: 22.00 1st Qu.:0.9956 1st Qu.:3.210 1st Qu.:0.5500
## Median : 38.00 Median :0.9968 Median :3.310 Median :0.6200
## Mean : 46.47 Mean :0.9967 Mean :3.311 Mean :0.6581
## 3rd Qu.: 62.00 3rd Qu.:0.9978 3rd Qu.:3.400 3rd Qu.:0.7300
## Max. :289.00 Max. :1.0037 Max. :4.010 Max. :2.0000
## alcohol quality
## Min. : 8.40 Min. :3.000
## 1st Qu.: 9.50 1st Qu.:5.000
## Median :10.20 Median :6.000
## Mean :10.42 Mean :5.636
## 3rd Qu.:11.10 3rd Qu.:6.000
## Max. :14.90 Max. :8.000## X fixed.acidity volatile.acidity citric.acid residual.sugar chlorides
## 1 1 7.4 0.70 0.00 1.9 0.076
## 2 2 7.8 0.88 0.00 2.6 0.098
## 3 3 7.8 0.76 0.04 2.3 0.092
## 4 4 11.2 0.28 0.56 1.9 0.075
## 5 5 7.4 0.70 0.00 1.9 0.076
## 6 6 7.4 0.66 0.00 1.8 0.075
## free.sulfur.dioxide total.sulfur.dioxide density pH sulphates alcohol
## 1 11 34 0.9978 3.51 0.56 9.4
## 2 25 67 0.9968 3.20 0.68 9.8
## 3 15 54 0.9970 3.26 0.65 9.8
## 4 17 60 0.9980 3.16 0.58 9.8
## 5 11 34 0.9978 3.51 0.56 9.4
## 6 13 40 0.9978 3.51 0.56 9.4
## quality
## 1 5
## 2 5
## 3 5
## 4 6
## 5 5
## 6 5## [1] "X" "fixed.acidity" "volatile.acidity"
## [4] "citric.acid" "residual.sugar" "chlorides"
## [7] "free.sulfur.dioxide" "total.sulfur.dioxide" "density"
## [10] "pH" "sulphates" "alcohol"
## [13] "quality"
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 3.000 5.000 6.000 5.636 6.000 8.000quality values is distributed between 3 and 8 also a mean of 5.6 and a median of 6
looking at all other variable to see if it is affect the quality or not
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.1200 0.3900 0.5200 0.5278 0.6400 1.5800volatile.acidity values is distributed between 0.12 and 1.58 also a mean of 0.527 and a median of 0.520
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 2.740 3.210 3.310 3.311 3.400 4.010pH values is distributed between 2.7 and 4.01 also a mean of 3.311 and a median of 3.310
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.900 1.900 2.200 2.539 2.600 15.500residual.sugar values is distributed between 0.900 and 15.500 also a mean of 2.539 and a median of 2.200
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.9901 0.9956 0.9968 0.9967 0.9978 1.0037density values is distributed between 0.9901 and 1.0037 also a mean of 0.9967 and a median of 0.9968
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 4.60 7.10 7.90 8.32 9.20 15.90fixed.acidity values is distributed between 4.60 and 15.90 also a mean of 8.32 and a median of 7.90
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.00 7.00 14.00 15.87 21.00 72.00free.sulfur.dioxide values is distributed between 1 and 72.00 also a mean of 15.87 and a median of 14.00
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.3300 0.5500 0.6200 0.6581 0.7300 2.0000sulphates values is distributed between 0.3300 and 2.0000 also a mean of 0.6581 and a median of 0.6200
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 8.40 9.50 10.20 10.42 11.10 14.90alcohol values is distributed between 8.40 and 14.90 also a mean of 10.42 and a median of 10.20
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 6.00 22.00 38.00 46.47 62.00 289.00total.sulfur.dioxide values is distributed between 6.00 and 289.00 also a mean of 46.47 and a median of 38.00
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.01200 0.07000 0.07900 0.08747 0.09000 0.61100chlorides values is distributed between 0.01200 and 0.61100 also a mean of 0.08747 and a median of 0.07900
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.000 0.090 0.260 0.271 0.420 1.000citric.acid values is distributed between 0 and 1 also a mean of 0.271 and a median of 0.260
Univariate Analysis
What is the structure of your dataset?
1599 of wine data and a number of 12 variables, the main variable is quality with a range of 3 to 8 but it shown that there is a number of samples with a range between 5 and 6 also most diagrams is right skew. ### What is/are the main feature(s) of interest in your dataset? the main feature is quality because wine is being catogrized for wine taker based on its quality level either it is heigh, average and low and their are other variables that influnce the quality. ### What other features in the dataset do you think will help support your into your feature(s) of interest? their is a number of features that will help in the investigation such as Alcohol, citric acid, volatile acidity, sulphates ### Did you create any new variables from existing variables in the dataset? wine level variable is being created for knowing the level of the wine quality and it is divided into 3 level high, average and low
## 'data.frame': 1599 obs. of 14 variables:
## $ X : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
## $ fixed.acidity : num 7.4 7.8 7.8 11.2 7.4 7.4 7.9 7.3 7.8 7.5 ...
## $ volatile.acidity : num 0.7 0.88 0.76 0.28 0.7 0.66 0.6 0.65 0.58 0.5 ...
## $ citric.acid : num 0 0 0.04 0.56 0 0 0.06 0 0.02 0.36 ...
## $ residual.sugar : num 1.9 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.2 2 6.1 ...
## $ chlorides : num 0.076 0.098 0.092 0.075 0.076 0.075 0.069 0.065 0.073 0.071 ...
## $ free.sulfur.dioxide : num 11 25 15 17 11 13 15 15 9 17 ...
## $ total.sulfur.dioxide: num 34 67 54 60 34 40 59 21 18 102 ...
## $ density : num 0.998 0.997 0.997 0.998 0.998 ...
## $ pH : num 3.51 3.2 3.26 3.16 3.51 3.51 3.3 3.39 3.36 3.35 ...
## $ sulphates : num 0.56 0.68 0.65 0.58 0.56 0.56 0.46 0.47 0.57 0.8 ...
## $ alcohol : num 9.4 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.4 9.4 9.4 10 9.5 10.5 ...
## $ quality : Ord.factor w/ 6 levels "3"<"4"<"5"<"6"<..: 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 5 5 3 ...
## $ quality.lvl : chr "average" "average" "average" "average" ...
the plot displays the quality level and that a large number of the quality level is at average
Of the features you investigated, were there any unusual distributions? you perform any operations on the data to tidy, adjust, or change the form the data? If so, why did you do this?
the data is tidy and only a new column were added that is wine level for the quality of the wine also x variable were deleted for not being useful in the dataset
Bivariate Plots Section
the first factor to look at is the alcohol after that others like volatile acidity, sulphates and citric acid will be look at also look at the correlation of factors
above plots shows that higher alcohol makes a better wine quality but a look at other variables relationships with quality is must because not only alcohol affect the quality
the quality increase when the sulphates increase but it also shows that at the high level of sulphates it negativly affect the quality
the plot shows that volatile.acidity decreese with quality increasing so it is an Inverse relationship
the quality level increase with citric acid increase
there is a little correlation between alcohol and sulphates
no correlation between alcohol and citric acid.
a strong correlation between total sulfur dioxide and free sulfur dioxide in a positive way
a strong correlation between between fixed acidity and citric acid in a positive way
sulphates and chlorides shows cluster
Bivariate Analysis
Talk about some of the relationships you observed in this part of the
investigation. How did the feature(s) of interest vary with other features in
the dataset?
- what affect the quality of wine the most is alcohol
- a combination of alcohol and other factors affect the quality better than the alcohol alone 3)sulphates, citric acid and alcohol have a high correlation of quality
- volatile acidity have a low correlation of quality
Did you observe any interesting relationships between the other features
(not the main feature(s) of interest)?
1)chlorides and sulphates has an interesting relationship 2)a strong positive correlation between citric acid and fixed acidity is founded
What was the strongest relationship you found?
the strongest relationship is the alcohol
Multivariate Plots Section
looking at the relationships of factors with focusing on the quality as a color
it shows with higher sulphates it produce higher alcohol
density does not affect the alcohol
an Inverse relationship between volatile.acidity and alcohol when alcohol increase volatile.acidity decrease
the alcohol increase when citric acid increase
the same result in volatile.acidity and alcohol with the pH and alcohol which is alcohol increase when pH decrease
total.sulfur.dioxide decrease produce high alcohol
no correlations between fixed.acidity and volatile.acidity
volatile.acidity decrease and citric.acid increase produce high quality
no correlations between fixed.acidity and citric.acid
a range of sulphates and chlorides will produce high quality of wine
Multivariate Analysis
Talk about some of the relationships you observed in this part of the . Were there features that strengthened each other in terms of at your feature(s) of interest?
- the combination of chlorides and sulphates affect the quality of wine posivitly
- alcohol volatile acidity and sulphates help in making the wine quality better
- the correlation of crtic acid and alcohol also affect the wine quality posivitly
Were there any interesting or surprising interactions between features?
the interesting interaction is between the chlorides and sulphates
Final Plots and Summary
Plot One
Description One
the first plot is for the quality of the wine which is the main feature in this dataset and it shows a high number of values for 5, 6 and 7 and it shows a low number of values for 3 and 4
Plot Two
Description Two
the third plot shows the sulphate and alcohol is high when the wine quality is high and the alcohol and sulphate together make a high quality wine and affect the quality posivitly
Plot Three
Description Three
the second plot shows the relationship between quality and alcohol and how much alcohol affect the quality in a positive way and alcohol mean increase with the high quality
Reflection
1599 and 12 variabled in the red wine dataset. an analysis was contucted with starting with the main feature in the dataset which is quality because a wine in nothing without its quality also other factors were analysed individualy, after that going to the next important factor that affect the quality is the alcohol also there is other factors that affect the quality that are citric acid, volatile acidity and sulphates. A strong positive correlation between total and free sulfur dioxide and fixed acidity and citric acid has been founded also a strange realtionship between sulphates and chlorides that shape a cluster. at the multivariate plots a relationship of other factors with focusing on the quality as a color and it has been contucted that alcohol is the main factor that affect the quality and others factors that help were citric acid, volatile acidity and sulphates at the end the limitation of this dataset is that is a large range of quality between 5 and 6 also there is no quality level is given that why it has been created that why in future work i hope to analyse a dataset similar to red wine dataset that has a classification or a level on the quality of the wine.